In a tough field, this work led from Johannes Gutenberg University might be a real milestone. RNA encoding cancer-specific antigen is carried by lipoprotein-complex nanoparticles and administered intravenously. An electrical charge targets them to immune system lymphoid dendritic cells to get immune defences going. What’s attracting attention is that almost any tumour antigen can be encoded as RNA, suggesting universal applicability as a cancer vaccine – one with limited flu-like side effects. As noted elsewhere, more work is needed to prove clinical value.